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The early revolutionary activity of Chinese revolutionary and politician Mao Zedong lasted for eight years, from 1919 to 1927. At the start of this period, Mao had moved to Peking, where he became a librarian's assistant at Peking University, simultaneously exploring both anarchism and Marxism and converting to the latter. Returning to Hunan in the context of the May Fourth Movement, Mao co-founded the Hunanese Student Association who began to publish politically radical literature. His publications earned Mao growing fame within the Chinese revolutionary movement, but invoked the anger of Hunanese Governor Zhang Jinghui, who repeatedly shut Mao's operation down. In 1921, the Communist Party of China was founded in Shanghai by Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao, with Mao becoming an early member and attending its first National Congress the following year. In 1923, Mao was elected to the Party's Committee, relocating to Shanghai. The Party agreed to a revolutionary alliance with the Kuomintang nationalist party, a move which gained Mao's enthusiastic support. ==Peking and Marxism: 1917–19== With his early life behind him, Mao moved from his home province of Hunan to the Chinese capital city of Peking, where his mentor Yang Changji had recently taken a job at the liberal-dominated Peking University. Yang wrote in his journal that "it is truly difficult to imagine someone so intelligent and handsome" as Mao, securing him a job as assistant to the university librarian Li Dazhao, an early Chinese communist. Li authored a series of articles in ''New Youth'' on the October Revolution which had just occurred in Russia, during which the communist Bolshevik Party under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin had seized power. Lenin was an advocate of the socio-political theory of Marxism, first developed by the German sociologists Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the mid-19th century, and Li's articles brought an understanding of Marxism to the Chinese revolutionary movement. Politically moving further toward the far left, Mao was influenced by the anarchist ideas of Russian activist Peter Kropotkin. He nevertheless developed closer to Marxism during the winter of 1919 under the influence of Li's Marxist study group, and sought to find ways to ensure that Marxist ideas regarding socialist revolution were applicable to modern China through fusing them with ancient Chinese philosophies. Paid a low wage, Mao lived in a cramped room with seven other Hunanese students in the Third-Eyed Well district, but believed that Beijing's beauty offered "vivid and living compensation" for these poor living conditions. A number of his friends took advantage of the anarchist-organised ''Mouvement Travail-Études'' to study in France, but Mao declined, perhaps because of an inability to learn languages. Remaining at the university, he tried to strike up conversations with senior academics, but most snubbed him because of his rural Hunanese accent and lowly position. By joining the university's philosophy and journalism societies, he attended lectures and seminars by the likes of Chen Duxiu, Hu Shi, and Qian Xuantong, but lecturers still treated him with contempt and refused to answer his questions. Mao's time in Beijing ended in the spring of 1919, when he traveled to Shanghai with friends departing for France. He proceeded to return to Shaoshan to visit his terminally ill mother, Wen Qimei; she died in October 1919, with Mao's father Mao Yichang dying several months later, in January 1920. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Early revolutionary activity of Mao Zedong」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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